EU Country Codes — All 27 European Union Member States

EU Member States (2024)

The European Union consists of 27 member states. Their ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are frequently needed for GDPR compliance, VAT calculation, customs, and regulatory logic.

All 27 EU Country Codes

#	Country	Alpha-2	Alpha-3	Joined
1	Austria	AT	AUT	1995
2	Belgium	BE	BEL	1958
3	Bulgaria	BG	BGR	2007
4	Croatia	HR	HRV	2013
5	Cyprus	CY	CYP	2004
6	Czechia	CZ	CZE	2004
7	Denmark	DK	DNK	1973
8	Estonia	EE	EST	2004
9	Finland	FI	FIN	1995
10	France	FR	FRA	1958
11	Germany	DE	DEU	1958
12	Greece	GR	GRC	1981
13	Hungary	HU	HUN	2004
14	Ireland	IE	IRL	1973
15	Italy	IT	ITA	1958
16	Latvia	LV	LVA	2004
17	Lithuania	LT	LTU	2004
18	Luxembourg	LU	LUX	1958
19	Malta	MT	MLT	2004
20	Netherlands	NL	NLD	1958
21	Poland	PL	POL	2004
22	Portugal	PT	PRT	1986
23	Romania	RO	ROU	2007
24	Slovakia	SK	SVK	2004
25	Slovenia	SI	SVN	2004
26	Spain	ES	ESP	1986
27	Sweden	SE	SWE	1995

EU Code Set for Developers

const EU_COUNTRIES = [
  'AT', 'BE', 'BG', 'HR', 'CY', 'CZ', 'DK', 'EE', 'FI', 'FR',
  'DE', 'GR', 'HU', 'IE', 'IT', 'LV', 'LT', 'LU', 'MT', 'NL',
  'PL', 'PT', 'RO', 'SK', 'SI', 'ES', 'SE'
];

function isEU(countryCode) {
  return EU_COUNTRIES.includes(countryCode.toUpperCase());
}

Notable Non-EU European Countries

Country	Code	Status
United Kingdom	GB	Left EU (Brexit, 2020)
Norway	NO	EEA member, not EU
Switzerland	CH	EFTA member, not EU/EEA
Iceland	IS	EEA member, not EU
Liechtenstein	LI	EEA member, not EU
Turkey	TR	EU candidate
Ukraine	UA	EU candidate

GDPR Compliance

EU country codes trigger GDPR requirements:

function requiresGDPR(countryCode) {
  // EU + EEA countries
  const GDPR_COUNTRIES = [...EU_COUNTRIES, 'IS', 'LI', 'NO'];
  return GDPR_COUNTRIES.includes(countryCode);
}

VAT in the EU

EU VAT rates vary by country but the One-Stop Shop (OSS) scheme allows businesses to report VAT for all EU countries through one member state:

Country	Standard Rate
DE	19%
FR	20%
IT	22%
ES	21%
NL	21%
SE	25%
IE	23%
LU	17% (lowest)
HU	27% (highest)